naji14's posterous http://naji14.posterous.com Most recent posts at naji14's posterous posterous.com Sun, 27 Nov 2011 17:15:26 -0800 Do you know your formulae? http://naji14.posterous.com/do-you-know-your-formulae http://naji14.posterous.com/do-you-know-your-formulae Formulae


· ρ = m / V
· p = F / A
· ∆p = ρgh
· p1 / T1 = p2 / T2 Gay-Lussac's Law
· p1V1 = p2V2 Boyle's Law
· TK = ToC + 273

Quantities and Units


· ρ = density (kg/m3 or g/cm3)
· m = mass (kg or g)
· V = volume (m3 or cm3)
· p = pressure (Pa or N/m2)
· F = force (N)
· A = surface area (m2)
· Δp = change in pressure (Pa or N/m2)
· g = gravitational field strength (N/kg)
· h = height/depth of fluid (m)
· T = absolute temperature (K) (not oC!)
· ToC = temperature (oC)

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Sun, 20 Nov 2011 17:48:43 -0800 5.19 Boyle's Law http://naji14.posterous.com/519-boyles-law-99164 http://naji14.posterous.com/519-boyles-law-99164 · 5.19 use the relationship between the pressure and volume of a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature:

p1V1 = p2V2

p1 = Pressure at the beginning [kPa, bar or atm]

V1 = Volume at the beginning [m3 or cm3]

p2 = Pressure at the end [kPa, bar or atm]

V2 = Volume at the end [m3 or cm3]

(Note: can use any units for V and p as long as they are the same at the beginning and end)

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Sun, 20 Nov 2011 17:47:48 -0800 5.19 Boyle's Law http://naji14.posterous.com/519-boyles-law http://naji14.posterous.com/519-boyles-law >

Fun with the vacuum pump!
· Marshmellows
· Food colouring in pipettes
· Surgical gloves

5.19 Experiment

07 November 2011

14:32


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· Change the pressure of a fixed mass of gas at a constant temperature
· Measure the volume
· Use the EXCEL spreadsheet to analyse your results

Ideal Gas - Boyle's Law.xlsx Download this file

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Sun, 20 Nov 2011 17:27:15 -0800 5.16 Answers http://naji14.posterous.com/516-answers http://naji14.posterous.com/516-answers Answers
1. What variable remains constant for this experiment?

Volume and number of gas molecules


2. Explain in terms of the particles what happened to the pressure when the temperature increased

When the temperature is increased the particles have a greater average KE and therefore collide with the walls of the container with more force and more frequently. This increases the pressure.


3. Is the temperature proportional to the average speed? Justify your answer

No; the graph is not a straight line

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4. Is the temperature proportional to the average kinetic energy of the particles? Justify your answer

Yes; the graph of temperature against (average speed of particles)2 is a straight line.

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NB: m, the mass of the particles is a constant and so will only affect the gradient of the graph, not the shape of the graph


5. Why is the word 'average' used?

The particles in the container have got a range of speeds and therefore a range of KEs. Some particles will be moving faster and some slower but, on average, T α KE.

You can view this in the programme. Click on "measurement tool", "energy histograms".

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Sun, 20 Nov 2011 17:26:17 -0800 Untitled http://naji14.posterous.com/81026207 http://naji14.posterous.com/81026207
Ideal Gas - temperature vs average KE of particles.xlsx Download this file

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Thu, 17 Nov 2011 17:17:42 -0800 5.7 and 5.8 http://naji14.posterous.com/57-and-58 http://naji14.posterous.com/57-and-58 5.7 and 5.8 Starter

· What are the 6 processes shown by the arrows?
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5.7 and 5.8

· 5.7 understand that a substance can change state from solid to liquid by the process of melting
· 5.8 understand that a substance can change state from liquid to gas by the process of evaporation or boiling
· Questions from Collins p.112
· Answer in Bullet Points!
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· Use following pages from Collins as a resource to help you
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5.7 and 5.8 Experiment - Cooling Curve of Stearic Acid using datalogger


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5.7 to 5.10 Plenary 1

28 October 2011

12:19

· Play the Stage 1 game to test your knowledge of solids, liquids and gases
· Play the Stage 2 game to test your knowledge about changes of phase!

5.7 to 5.10 Plenary 2

28 October 2011

12:19


Play the Level 1 game to test your knowledge of the properties of solids, liquids and gases

Extension: Play the Level 2 game to extend your knowledge about changes of phase!

PhET States of matter simulation - embedding into your Posterous blog

28 October 2011

11:14
· Create a post
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· Turn on HTML editor
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· Copy in this text and Publish

States of Matter

Click to Run


· Success! Now have a play with the simulation...
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states of matter drag and drop plenary.swf Download this file

Fill the trucks - Properties of s,l,g.swf Download this file

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Thu, 17 Nov 2011 16:44:35 -0800 5.6 recall and use the relationship for pressure difference: http://naji14.posterous.com/56-recall-and-use-the-relationship-for-pressu http://naji14.posterous.com/56-recall-and-use-the-relationship-for-pressu pressure difference = height × density × g

∆p = h × ρ × g


∆p = pressure of the fluid (N/m2 or Pa)

h = height of the fluid (m)

ρ = density of the fluid (kg/m3)

g = gravitational field strength (N/kg)

5.6 Demo - squirting water column

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· The bottom hole squirts water the furthest
· Because the water at the bottom has the greatest pressure
· Because in the formula ∆p = h × ρ × g, ρ is constant, g is constant and h is large
· So ∆p = large


5.6 Questions

Collins, p.107

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Notes:

ρfresh water = 1,000kg/m3

g = 10N/kg

1,000mbar = 1 bar = 100,000Pa

5.6 Plenary

· Which diver experiences the greatest pressure?

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Thu, 17 Nov 2011 16:44:03 -0800 5.5 understand that the pressure at a point in a gas or liquid which is at rest acts equally in all directions http://naji14.posterous.com/55-understand-that-the-pressure-at-a-point-in http://naji14.posterous.com/55-understand-that-the-pressure-at-a-point-in


5.5 Demo 1 - Magdeburg Hemispheres

· Magdeburg Hemispheres


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· The original experiment was done by using two teams of wild horses to try and pull the hemispheres apart
· And here are the horses I was talking about! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7bJkaFByiA0&feature=related


5.5 Demo 2 - Collapsing Bottle


· Collapsing Bottle

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Thu, 17 Nov 2011 16:43:37 -0800 5.4 Answers http://naji14.posterous.com/54-answers-26197 http://naji14.posterous.com/54-answers-26197
Answers to written questions.ppt Download this file

Answers to pressure questions 2.ppt Download this file

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Sun, 13 Nov 2011 18:00:12 -0800 5.4 Answers http://naji14.posterous.com/54-answers http://naji14.posterous.com/54-answers
Answers to written questions.ppt Download this file

Answers to pressure questions 2.ppt Download this file

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Tue, 11 Oct 2011 21:50:36 -0700 5.2 recall and use the relationship between density, mass and volume http://naji14.posterous.com/52-recall-and-use-the-relationship-between-de http://naji14.posterous.com/52-recall-and-use-the-relationship-between-de
Density formula.ppt Download this file

density = mass / volume

ρ = m / V

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Sun, 09 Oct 2011 18:55:00 -0700 P5 KEYWORDS http://naji14.posterous.com/p5-keywords http://naji14.posterous.com/p5-keywords
Screen_shot_2554-10-10_at_8

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Sun, 09 Oct 2011 18:34:53 -0700 5.3 Plenary http://naji14.posterous.com/53-plenary http://naji14.posterous.com/53-plenary
Drag'n'Drop Density (in kg per m3).swf Download this file

Remember: 1g/cm3 = 1,000kg/m3

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Sun, 09 Oct 2011 18:34:38 -0700 5.3 describe how to determine density using direct measurements of mass and volume http://naji14.posterous.com/53-describe-how-to-determine-density-using-di http://naji14.posterous.com/53-describe-how-to-determine-density-using-di
Density Practical - regular and irregular solids and liquids.ppt Download this file

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Sun, 25 Sep 2011 08:29:09 -0700 Starter for 4.16 http://naji14.posterous.com/starter-for-416 http://naji14.posterous.com/starter-for-416
DragnDropEnergy.swf Download this file

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Sun, 25 Sep 2011 08:29:07 -0700 Entrance Activity http://naji14.posterous.com/entrance-activity http://naji14.posterous.com/entrance-activity >

Starter.ppt Download this file

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Thu, 08 Sep 2011 18:35:12 -0700 4.10 understand that work done is equal to energy transferred http://naji14.posterous.com/410-understand-that-work-done-is-equal-to-ene http://naji14.posterous.com/410-understand-that-work-done-is-equal-to-ene PFY p.112

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Collins p. 91

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Thu, 08 Sep 2011 18:34:23 -0700 4.9 recall and use the relationship between work, force and distance moved in the direction of the force http://naji14.posterous.com/49-recall-and-use-the-relationship-between-wo http://naji14.posterous.com/49-recall-and-use-the-relationship-between-wo work done = force × distance moved

Wd = F × d


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Work formula.ppt Download this file

4B1 work done skiing downhill.swf Download this file

4B1 work done pushing a wheelbarrow.swf Download this file

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Thu, 08 Sep 2011 18:32:25 -0700 Starter - answers http://naji14.posterous.com/starter-answers http://naji14.posterous.com/starter-answers Tell the person next to you...
· Imagine pushing a king sized bed from one side of the classroom to the other
· Would it make you feel tired?
o Yup!
· Would you have to work hard to push it?
o Yup!
· What could you change so you have to do less work pushing?
o Anything that decreases the force needed (reduce friction by putting wheels on it, ice under it, etc)
o Anything that decreases the distance travelled (only push it half way!, etc)
o So the formula for work must contain force and distance

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Sun, 04 Sep 2011 18:58:00 -0700 PLENARY answers http://naji14.posterous.com/68437978 http://naji14.posterous.com/68437978

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